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    Crossover 1 V

    Speaker Crossover Calculators

    First Order (6db/octave) Two-Way Crossover

    Ohms

    Ohms

    Hz
    C1= µF
    L1= mH
    Additional Information...
    6dB Crossover Diagram • First Order crossover phase shift = 90 degrees.
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    Second Order (12db/octave) Two-Way Crossover


    Ohms

    Ohms

    Hz
    C1= µF
    L1= mH
    C2= µF
    L2= mH
    Additional Information...
    12dB Crossover Diagram • Second Order crossover phase shift = 180 degrees (reversed polarity).
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    Third Order (18db/octave) Two-Way Crossover

    Ohms

    Ohms

    Hz
    C1= µF
    C2= µF
    L1= mH
    L2= mH
    L3= mH
    C3= µF
    Additional Information...
    18dB Crossover Diagram • Third Order crossover phase shift = 270 degrees (-90 degrees).
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    Fourth Order (24db/octave) Two-Way Crossover

    Ohms

    Ohms

    Hz
    C1= µF
    C2= µF
    L1= mH
    L2= mH
    C3= µF
    C4= µF
    L3= mH
    L4= mH
    Additional Information...
    24dB Crossover Diagram • Fourth Order crossover phase shift = 360 degrees no phase shift).
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    Zobel Circuit (Impedance Stabilization)

    Ohms

    Henries
    C1= µF
    R1= Ohms
    Additional Information...
    Zobel Circuit Diagram • Although speakers are rated for a certain impedance (i.e.- 4 or 8 Ohms), the actual impedance curve may vary with frequency (speakers have inductance). To compensate for non-linearity of speakers (on mainly subwoofers), Zobel circuits are used.
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    L-pad (Speaker Attenuation)

    Ohms

    dB
    R1= Ohms
    R2= Ohms
    Additional Information...
    L-Pad Circuit Diagram • An L-pad circuit attenuates a speaker. • L-pads keep the load "seen" by the amplifier constant, affecting only the power delivered to the speaker. The power delivered by the amplifier remains constant. • Since L-pads are made from resistors, they don't induce any phase shifts, or affect frequency response.
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